Do you know that the entire practice of surgeons relies on some fundamental surgical equipment among other essential resources? There are 54 basic surgical instruments that hold prime importance in the surgical field because any surgical practice is incomplete without the use of these tools.
Fundamental Tools Used in Surgery
Here are the 54 basic surgical instruments list that must be a part of every operating room toolkit for an efficient surgical performance:
Scalpels
Scalpels are one of the primary tools used in surgical procedures. This indispensable tool is used to make incisions at the beginning of any surgical practice. It is generally a small, slender knife that comes with a handle and a blade.
Forceps
Surgical forceps are used across multiple surgical specialties for holding, grasping, and manipulating tissues and objects. Also, there are numerous types of forceps available used for general as well as specialized surgical purposes.
Retractors
Retractors are greatly helpful when surgeons have to get better access to the surgical site by holding back tissues and organs. Retractors, available in hand-held and self-retaining types, are essential for maintaining a clear and stable surgical field.
Trocar
This tool is useful when surgeons have to puncture the body wall and create a passageway for other instruments to access the internal organs or cavities.
Tissue forceps
These tools are used to grasp and manipulate delicate tissues and come in various types. Also, these are usually serrated or toothed for a better grip on the tissues without causing tissue trauma.
Surgical drill
This tool is greatly useful for making holes in bone or hard tissues. This tool is commonly employed in orthopedic and neurosurgical practices.
Speculum
Speculums are of great use when surgeons have to look into deep body cavities. They are usually useful during gynecological examinations and ENT procedures.
Bone saw
This tool is useful when surgeons have to cut through tough bones.
Curette
These instruments are greatly useful for exploring or scraping tissues and are particularly important for manipulating soft tissues.
Stapler
Surgical staplers are incredibly useful when surgeons have to close and seal the tissue incisions. They are ideally used to achieve closures by providing a quicker and more consistent alternative to traditional sutures.
Clip applier
This device comes into use to securely ligate or close off blood vessels, tissues, or other structures.
Suture
A common device used that promotes healing and closure by stitching wound edges or tissues together
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Electrocautery
A medical device that cuts, coagulates, or removes tissues during surgical practices by using a high-frequency electric current
Nasal speculum
This instrument is commonly used by ENT specialists to examine nasal cavities and passages for diagnostic purposes. Also, this tool provides better visualization and accessibility in the nasal cavity.
Bulldog clamp
This tool is greatly useful when surgeons have to occlude or clamp blood vessels temporarily along with other tubular structures during surgical practices.
Tenotomy scissors
These scissors are ideally useful for cutting tendons with their ideal delicate and slender profile. Thus, enabling precise and controlled tendon incisions.
Rib spreader
This device is greatly useful during thoracic surgical procedures to gently separate and maintain the ribs in an open position. Moreover, this instrument provides better accessibility to the internal structures of the chest cavity by carefully separating the ribs apart.
Biopsy punch
This incredible tool is useful in biopsy examinations to extract tissue samples for diagnostic evaluations. Its ideal hollow and circular blades are designed to excise a cylindrical and small specimen from the body.
Anoscope
This tool is useful for examining the lower rectum or anal canal area.
Retinal scissors
These scissors are useful in ophthalmic surgeries for delicate cutting of tissues that especially involve the retina area of the eye.
Grafting knife
This instrument is used massively in surgeries for cutting grafts. This tool is commonly employed in plastic surgeries or dermatology.
Spinal needle
This needle is commonly used during spinal surgeries to extract cerebrospinal fluid. It generally comprises a hollow needle with a sharp tip.
Ligature carrier
This instrument is used to pass and secure sutures or ligatures around blood vessels or other anatomical areas during surgeries.
Ophthalmoscope
Useful during eye-related procedures to examine the internal structure of the eye.
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Rib shear
This tool is useful during thoracic surgeries to cut or remove sections of ribs with its specialized design.
Trocar
This device is used to puncture the body wall allowing access to the body cavity.
Bone clamp
This instrument allows surgeons to hold bone fragments in place during orthopedic procedures.
Vascular clamp
This tool is useful to occlude blood vessels temporarily during various surgeries
Abdominal retractor
This tool is useful during thoracic surgeries to cut or remove sections of ribs with its specialized design.
Dermal curette
It comes with an ideally oval-shaped blade attached to its handle to remove superficial skin lesions or tissues.
Myringotomy Knife
This knife is useful during the myringotomy procedure for making a small incision into the eardrum
Uterine Sound
This tool comes into use for measuring the depth of the uterus
Episiotomy scissor
This scissor is useful for making incisions during childbirth while performing episiotomy
Thoracic trocar
This tool is commonly used during thoracic surgeries for inserting chest tubes
Tissue scissors
This incredible tool comes in handy when specialists have to cut and dissect delicate tissues
Hernia clamp
This instrument is used to grasp, hold, and manipulate herniated tissue or structures during surgical practices aimed at repairing hernias
Bone chisel
This tool is greatly useful during orthopedic and reconstructive surgeries to cut and shape bones.
Endocervical curette
This tool is used to collect tissue samples from the endocervical canal during procedures such as cervical biopsy or colposcopy etc for diagnostic purposes.
Hemostat
Surgeons use this tool to clamp blood vessels or tissues to control bleeding
Dermatomes
This tool is employed to cut thin slices of skin during grafting practices
Conclusion
We have mentioned 54 basic surgical instruments that are fundamental parts of any kind of surgery. These essential tools are enough to elevate your surgical practice with their incredible functionality and features. Also, these instruments boost efficiency and reduce the user’s fatigue during lengthy surgical procedures.
However, it is important that you choose the appropriate surgical tool for your specific surgical task. Also, you must be skilled in using the instrument to use the right technique to prevent any damage to the surrounding structures.
About The Author
Hidayatul Haq
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